Question

4 Answer the following questions.

1) Briefly describe the efforts made by Dayanand Saraswati for the unity of the

country.

2) Write the efforts made by Sir Saiyed Ahmed Khan for education.

3) Write two efforts made by Jyotiba Phule for the upliftment of women. in​

Answer 1

Answer:

Opened school in ghazipore in 1864. Made a committee to raise funds for new schools. Set up Muhammadan Anglo Oriental school in Aligarh on 24 May 1875. Set up Muhammadan educational conferences in 1866 to raise the standards of education.

Founded: Aligarh Muslim University

Born: October 17, 1817

Died: 27 March 1898

Answer 2

Answer

1. He was the founder of the Hindu reform organisation Arya Samaj. He has left a deep impact on the Indian society and the concept of religion.
2. Arya Samaj was based on the foundations of God, soul and nature.
3. He made conscious efforts to bring immense changes in the religious perceptions of Indians.
4. He was opposed to the principles of following dogmatic rituals of revering idols and symbols. He emphasised that all actions should be performed with the prime objective of benefiting mankind.
5. He gave the call for Hindus to go back to the roots of their religion, which are the Vedas.
6. He strived to uplift the Hindus from the depressive religious, social, political, and economic conditions prevailing in the country at the time.
7. His logical, scientific and critical analysis of faiths like Christianity and Islam as well as Jainism, Buddhism and Sikhism sowed the seeds for the modern India.
8. He was the first to give the call for Swarajya. He emphasised on the idea of India for Indians in 1876 which was later taken up by Lokmanya Tilak
9. His most influential works Satyarth Prakash contributed to the Indian independence movement.
10. He strived to completely overhaul the education system of India by introducing Anglo Vedic schools to offer students an updated curriculum and imparting both the knowledge of the Vedas and contemporary English education.
11. Swami Dayanand Saraswati’s thoughts were ahead of the time. He strived to induce rationalism into religion. Through his logical, scientific and critical analysis of the Indian society he laid the foundation of the modern India. Hence he is also referred as one of the Makers of Modern India.

2nd Answer

1. A Raj loyalist or a social reformer who transformed education for Muslims regardless of how he is perceived, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan left an indelible mark on India.
2. His legacy is a complicated one he was a loyal servant of the British administration before the revolt of 1857. He even penned a pamphlet titled The Causes of the Indian Revolt to explain the reasons of the revolt from a native perspective. However, witnessing the near annihilation of the Muslim elites prompted Sir Syed Ahmad Khan to take up the case of Muslims and his life-long journey as an Islamic reformer and educationist is a testament to his dedication.
3. Post-ghadar (revolt), I was not disappointed by looting of my house and loss of belongings. I was disturbed due to the ruination of my qaum, Khan said. He initially thought to leave the country but decided against it later. I gave up the idea of migration and decided to struggle for the rebuilding of the qaum.
4. Born on 17 October 1817 to a wealthy family that was close to the Mughal court, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan wore many hats: Civil servant, journalist, historian. However, he is, first and foremost, known for his pioneering role in transforming the educational opportunities for Muslims. He recognised that education is the most important tool through which Muslims could emerge from a position of disadvantage and compete with Hindus, especially Bengali Hindus who were at the pinnacle of the political scene at the time.
5. He pushed for educational and social reforms and was a champion of democratic ideals and freedom of speech. In one of his essays he wrote, Freedom of expression is the right of everyone… Suppression of opinions, be it for any religious fear, or the fear of community and tribe or the fear of being defamed, or the fear of the government

The Aligarh Movement

1. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan is best known for the Aligarh Movement a systemic movement aimed at reforming the social, political and educational aspects of the Muslim community. He founded the Scientific Society in 1863 to translate major works in the sciences and modern arts into Urdu. He released two journals to this end .The Aligarh Institute Gazette, which was an organ of the Scientific Society, and the Tehzibul Akhlaq, known as the Mohammedan Social Reformer