4. Answer the following questions.
a. Why are industries needed? Give any three reasons.
b. Differentiate between large-scale and small-scale industries.
C. Distinguish between agro-based and mineral-based industries.
d. Explain any three factors that are important for the establishment of an industry.
e. Why is the iron and steel industry considered a basic industry?
f. What are the causes of industrial pollution?
g. Describe any three preventive measures of industrial pollution.
Answers
Answer:
a. Industries give support to agriculture. For example, agricultural implements are manufactured in industries. Rapid industrialisation is required to keep pace with the technological advancements which have been made in the world. Industries produce goods and equipments required for maintaining defense of the country.
b.Small scale industry is an industrial undertaking in which there is a definite capital investment in its plant and machinery. Large scale industry encompasses big industrial units whose investment in their plant and machinery is beyond the limit specified by the Government. It requires semi-skilled labours.
c. Agro-based industries use plant and animal-based products as their raw materials. Mineral-based industries are primary industries that use mineral ores as their raw materials. It is a source of employment for people in rural areas. It is a source of employment for both rural and urban populations.
d.These are influenced by availability of raw material, labour,' capital, power and market. It is rarely possible to find all these factors available at one place. ... Raw material: Cheap and abundant availability of raw material is essential to establish any industiy.
e.Iron and steel industry is called the basic industry due to following reasons: All industries whether heavy, medium or light depend on it for the machinery. Thus, it provides base to the other industries. Steel is required for manufacturing variety of engineering, construction and defence goods.
g.Fresh water pollution can be reduced by harvesting rain water and processing the materials by reusing and recycling.
2. Hot water and effluents must be treated before releasing into rivers or ponds and ground water reserves must not be overdrawn.
3. Smoke stacks with fabric filters, inertial separators etc. must be fitted into factories to reduce particulate matter in the air
Explanation:
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