4. Answer the following questions:
(a) Why is the air in a region dry?
(b) How is humidity measured?
(c) What are the prerequisites for
condensation?
(d) What is a cloud? Write its types.
(e) Which type of clouds give rain?
(f) On what does the percentage of relative
humidity depend?
Answers
A This is because of the high moisture content in the air due to evaporation from the sea. ... Thus the air in this region feels dry. Most of the moisture content of the air is lost by rain to other areas and thus summers tend to become very hot in these regions
B Humidity is the measure of the amount of moisture in the air. A psychrometer is an example of a hygrometer. A psychrometer uses two thermometers to measure relative humidity; one measures the dry-bulb temperature and the other measures the wet-bulb temperature
C The condensation process. Condensation is the term for water changing state from a vapor to a liquid. The process requires the presence of water vapor in the atmosphere, falling temperature and the presence of another object for water vapor to condense around
D Cloud is a visible mass of condensed and vaporized water micro droplets,which are floating in the atmosphere, high above the ground. It's look like cotton balls are flying in the sky. There are several types of clouds according to it's characteristics and compositions
E Clouds that produce rain and snow fall into this category. ("Nimbus" comes from the Latin word for "rain.") Two examples are the nimbostratus or cumulonimbus clouds. Nimbostratus clouds bring continuous precipitation that can last for many hour
F Relative humidity depends on temperature and the pressure of the system of interest. The same amount of water vapor results in higher relative humidity in cool air than warm air.
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a) because of high moisture content.
b) hygrometer
c) The process requires the presence of water vapor in the atmosphere, falling temperature and the presence of another object for water vapor to condense around.
d)Clouds are created when water vapor, an invisible gas, turns into liquid water droplets. These water droplets form on tiny particles, like dust, that are floating in the air. ... That means some of the liquid water in the towel or bowl changed into an invisible gas called water vapor and drifted away into the atmosphere.High-level clouds (5-13 km): cirrocumulus, cirrus, and cirrostratus.
Mid-level clouds (2-7 km): altocumulus, altostratus, and nimbostratus.
Low-level clouds (0-2 km): stratus, cumulus, cumulonimbus, and stratocumulus.
e) nimbostratus
f) Relative humidity is normally expressed as a percentage; a higher percentage means that the air–water mixture is more humid. At 100%relative humidity, the air is saturated and is at its dewpoint. Relative humidity is normally expressed as a percentage; a higher percentage means that the air–water mixture is more humid.