Question

4)Are all grass eating animals ruminants?
A. Yes, all grass-eating animals have four-chambered stomachs and hence are ruminants.
B. No, not all grass eating animals are ruminants. They do not have four-chambered stomachs and they digest
cellulose differently.

5)What is the purpose of the rumen?
A. To store all extra grass eaten.
B. To help digest the cellulose in the grass.
C. To make the food softer.

6)Which of the following organisms can digest cellulose?
A. Algae
B. Fungi
C. Bacteria
D. Protozoans

7)Which of the following statements about cellulose are true?
A. Cellulose is the most common organic polymer on earth.
B. Cellulose is very nutritious for human beings.
C. Cellulose can be digested by some bacteria and fungi.
D. Cellulose in the diet acts as fibre for human beings.

8)Which of the following statements about ruminants are true?
A. Any animal that eats grass is a ruminant.
B. They chew the grass, swallow it and store it in their stomach to chew later.
C. The stomach has three compartments.
D. Bacteria help digest the grass in a cow's stomach.​

Answer 1

ANSWER-

4.B

5.C

6.D

7.B

8.A

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Answer 2

4 (A)

5(B)

6(D)

7(A)

8(A)

• Ruminants are creatures that consume grass. Animals that consume grass include cows, goats, and buffaloes. These animals swiftly swallow grass and store food in the rumen, which is a sac-like organ. The first stomach, the rumen, has four chambers. The cud, which refers to partially digested meal, is present. There is a lot of cellulose in plants. The rumen transforms the complex structure of cellulose into less complicated particles. Rumination is the process through which cud returns to the mouth in little chunks for ruminants to chew. The bacteria that breaks down plant cellulose in the rumen helps in rumination. The reticulum receives the partially digested food after that. Due to its complicated structure, several species, including humans, cannot digest cellulose.
• The rumen serves as a storage or holding basin for feed due to its size. The rumen serves as a vessel for fermentation in addition to storage. Microbes can flourish well in the rumen's environment. Within the rumen, these bacteria consume or ferment grain to produce volatile fatty acids.
• However, it is only because symbiotic bacteria that manufacture the cellulase enzyme are present in the protozoa's cells that they are able to digest cellulose.
• Another insoluble fibre that does not dissolve in water is cellulose. When ingested, insoluble fibres can support regular bowel movements and assist in moving food through the digestive tract. Special bacteria and protozoa in the rumen secrete the enzymes required to breakdown and absorb the various types of cellulose. There are numerous types of cellulose, some of which are more complex and difficult to decompose than others.

Hence, the correct options are:

• 4 (A)
• 5(B)
• 6(D)
• 7(A)
• 8(A)

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