Question

4 Difference between regionalism and federalism

Answer 1

REGIONALISM

1.In politics, regionalism is a political ideology focusing on the "development of a political or social system based on one or more" regions and/or the national, normative or economic interests of a specific region, group of regions or another subnational entity,gaining strength from or aiming to strengthen the "consciousness of and loyalty to a distinct region with a homogeneous population",similarly to nationalism.

2.More specifically, "regionalism refers to three distinct elements: movements demanding territorial autonomy within unitary states; the organization of the central state on a regional basis for the delivery of its policies including regional development policies; political decentralization and regional autonomy".

3.Regions may be delineated by administrative divisions, culture, language and religion, among others.

4.Regionalists aim at increasing the political power and influence available to all or some residents of a region.

FEDERALISM

1.Federalism is the mixed or compound mode of government, combining a general government (the central or "federal" government) with regional governments (provincial, state, cantonal, territorial or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system. Its distinctive feature, exemplified in the founding example of modern federalism by the United States under the Constitution of 1787, is a relationship of parity between the two levels of government established.

2.Federalism can thus be defined as a form of government in which there is a division of powers between two levels of government of equal status.

3.Federalism differs from confederalism, in which the general level of government is subordinate to the regional level, and from devolution within a unitary state, in which the regional level of government is subordinate to the general level.

4. It represents the central form in the pathway of regional integration or separation,bounded on the less integrated side by confederalism and on the more integrated side by devolution within a unitary state.

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Answer 2

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So the most evident difference between the two is that federal units have more autonomy in governing their affairs (except for external relations and foreign policy which are competences of the federal government) than administrative regions.

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