4. Mention the names of two most widely spread soils of India and write one characteristics of each.
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Alluvial soil is the most widely spread and important soil. In fact, the entire northern plains are made of alluvial soil. These have been deposited by three important Himalayan river systems– the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.
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(i) Alluvial soils.
Characteristics of the Alluvial soil :
• Alluvial soil is formed by the deposition of materials brought down by the Himalayan rivers.
• Highly fertile.
• Consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay.
ii) Bangar soils :-
• Grains of these soils are coarse
• These soils are less fertile .
• These soils have high concentration of kankar .
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