4. What attracted European trading companies to India?
5. What were the areas of conflict between the
Bengal nawabs and the East India Company?
6. How did the assumption of Diwani benefit the East
India Company?
7. Explain the system of "subsidiary alliance".
8. In what way was the administration of the Company
Answers
4. Spices like clove, pepper, cinnamon, and cardamom were produced in India and all these spices were of great demand in Europe. These are the primary reasons why European trading companies were attracted to India.
5. The conflict between the Bengal nawabs and the East India Company started when the Nawabs refused to grant the Company concessions and demanded large tributes for the Company's right to trade. The Nawabs also denied the Company any right to mint coins, and stopped it from extending its fortifications.
6. This was a major breakthrough for the Company because Diwani allowed it to use the vast revenue resources of Bengal. The Company could use the revenue to finance its trade and other expenses. The company also used this revenue to strengthen its military power.
7. According to this alliance Indian rulers were not allowed to have their independent armed forces. The Company army was to protect the Indian state but the ruler had to pay for the “subsidiary forces”. If an Indian ruler failed to make the payment then part of his territory was taken away as penalty. For example; Awadh and Hyderabad were forced to cede territories on this ground.
8. The Indian rulers had revenue and administrative divisions of their territories. But they were not very effective. Hence, the British introduced changes by making new administrative divisions which they called Presidencies. These Presidencies worked under the supervision of Governors. There were district looked by the Collectors. The judiciary was also not much effective. There was the same court for the disposal of both the civil and criminal cases. The British established a proper judiciary system by establishing separate criminal and civil court in each district. They also established the Supreme Court. The Company also improved the police system.
Answer:
4.)Spices like clove, pepper, cinnamon, and cardamom were produced in India and all these spices were of great demand in Europe. These are the primary reasons why European trading companies were attracted to India.
5.)The conflict between the Bengal nawabs and the East India Company started when the Nawabs refused to grant the Company concessions and demanded large tributes for the Company,s right to trade. The Nawabs also denied the Company any right to mint coins, and stopped it from extending its fortifications.
6.)After the assumption of the Diwani, East India Company was benefited in several ways as mentioned below: (i) It allowed the Company to use the vast revenue resources of Bengal. (ii) Now, trade was fully controlled by the East India Company. ... (iii) Revenue of Bengal was used to finance exports of Indian.
7.)The Subsidiary Alliance System was “Non-Intervention Policy” used by Lord Wellesley who was the Governor-General (1798-1805) to establish the British Empire in India. According to this system, every ruler in India had to accept to pay a subsidy to the British for the maintenance of the British army.
8.)The administration of the Company was different from that of the Indian rulers in the following ways: The Company divided its administrative units called Presidencies. There were three Presidencies – Bengal, Madras and Bombay. In India, districts were the main administrative units.