4. What is an acid?
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acid
/ˈasɪd/
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noun
1.
a substance with particular chemical properties including turning litmus red, neutralizing alkalis, and dissolving some metals; typically, a corrosive or sour-tasting liquid of this kind.
"trees were exposed to mixtures of heavy metals, acids, and overdoses of nutrients"
2.
CHEMISTRY
a molecule or other species which can donate a proton or accept an electron pair in reactions.
adjective
1.
containing acid or having the properties of an acid; having a pH of less than 7.
"acid soils"
2.
sharp-tasting or sour.
"acid fruit"
Acid, any substance that in water solution tastes sour, changes the colour of certain indicators (e.g., reddens blue litmus paper), reacts with some metals (e.g., iron) to liberate hydrogen, reacts with bases to form salts, and promotes certain chemical reactions (acid catalysis).