4. What is refractive index? Give its formula.
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The refractive index is the measure of bending of a light ray when passing from one medium to another. It can also be defined as the ratio of the velocity of a light ray in an empty space to the velocity of light in a substance, n = c/v.
Water: 1.333
Air: 1.0003
Diamond: 2.417
Ice: 1.31
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