4. What is the relation between the molecular formula of a compound and its
empirical formula? The empirical formula of a compound is CH20. Find the
molecular formula, if its molecular mass is 180 u.
[ Atomic mass : H = 1.0u C = 12.00 = 16.0u]
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Answer:
There are three main types of chemical formulas: empirical, molecular and structural. Empirical formulas show the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound, molecular formulas show the number of each type of atom in a molecule, and structural formulas show how the atoms in a molecule are bonded to each other.
Explanation:
Divide the molar mass of the compound by the empirical formula mass. The result should be a whole number or very close to a whole number. Multiply all the subscripts in the empirical formula by the whole number found in step 2. The result is the molecular formula
Empirical Formulas
An empirical formula tells us the relative ratios of different atoms in a compound. The ratios hold true on the molar level as well. Thus, H2O is composed of two atoms of hydrogen and 1 atom of oxygen. Likewise, 1.0 mole of H2O is composed of 2.0 moles of hydrogen and 1.0 mole of oxygen. We can also work backwards from molar ratios since if we know the molar amounts of each element in a compound we can determine the empirical formula.
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