Question

4. What were the social,economic & political conditions in Russia before 1905?

Answer 1

the social , economic and political condition in Russia before 1905 was quite backward.

Answer 2

I) Social conditions:
85% of Russia's population was agriculturist. The industry of existent, but in which most of them was privately owned. Workers were divided on the basis of their occupation. They mainly migrated to cities for employment in factories. The peasant community was deeply religious but did not care much about nobility. They believed that land must be divided among themselves.
II) Economic conditions:
Russia was going through bad period economically. Prizes of essential goods rose while wages decreased by 20%, leading to the famous St. Petersburg strike. This strike started a series of events that are together known as the 1905 revolution. During the revolution, there were strikes all over country, universities closed down and various professionals and workers established the unions, demanding the establishment of constituent assembly.
III)Political conditions:
Political parties were illegal before 1914. The Russian Social Democratic Worker's Party was founded in 1898 by socialists who respected Marx's ideas. In 1903, this party was divided into two groups-Bolsheviks and Mensheviks. The Bolsheviks, who were in majority, were led by Lenin who is regarded as the greatest thinker on socialism after Marx.
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