Question

4.
Which molecule has a linear
arrangement of all component atoms?
(a) CH4
(b) H20
(c) CO2
(d) NH3
(e) BF3​

Answer 1

Answer:

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The central atom of carbon dioxide is carbon, which is doubly bonded to the two oxygen atoms. It is tetravalent, which means that it can form bonds. The electrons surrounding the atom creates a 180o angle in the molecule, which makes it form a linear molecular geometry.

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Answer 2

Carbon dioxide has a linear structure.

• The valance electrons of C are 4 and H is 1 hence the total valance electron of $CH_4$ is 4+1×4=8. Thus valance electron pair is 8/2=4. Four hydrogen atoms are attached to C so, the bond pair is 4 and the lone pair is 0. Hence the structure of methane is tetrahedral.
• The valance electrons of O are 6 and H is 1 hence the total valance electron of $H_2O$ is 6+1×2=8. Thus valance electron pair is 8/2=4. Two hydrogen atoms are attached to O so, the bond pair is 2 and the lone pair is 2. Hence the structure of water is bent.
• The valance electrons of C are 4 and O is 2 hence the total valance electron of $CO_2$ is 4. Thus valance electron pair is 4/2=2. Two oxygen atoms are attached to C so, the bond pair is 2 and the lone pair is 0. Hence the structure of carbon dioxide is linear.
• The valance electrons of N are 5 and H is 1 hence the total valance electron of $NH_3$ is 5+1×3=8. Thus valance electron pair is 8/2=4. Three hydrogen atoms are attached to N so, the bond pair is 3 and the lone pair is 1. Hence the structure of ammonia is pyramidal.
• The valance electrons of B are 3 and F is 1 hence the total valance electron of $BF_3$ is 3+1×3=6. Thus valance electron pair is 6/2=3. Three F atoms are attached to B so, the bond pair is 3 and the lone pair is 0. Hence the structure of boron trifluoride is trigonal planar.
• Hence the correct option is c.