4.Which reform introduced separate electorates for Muslim and sowed communalism?
Answers
Answer: The Indian Councils Act 1909 (9 Edw. 7 Ch. 4), commonly known as the Morley-Minto or Minto-Morley Reforms, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that brought about a limited increase in the involvement of Indians in the governance of British India.
A small educated elite met for the first time as the Indian National Congress in 1885. Provincial level Associations had already emerged. One of the main grievances for the associations revolved around the difficulties for Indians to obtain entry into the civil service. In 1858, Queen Victoria had proclaimed equal treatment for Indians.But very few Indians had received an opportunity to be admitted. British officials were hesitant to accept Indians as partners in the administration. With that perspective, it appeared that granting a few concessions of representation in the provincial and imperial legislatures to the native elite would be a lesser evil. The non-monopolising participation of Indians in the legislatures was to be an enhancement for British rule.
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