Question

4. Why do you think the Qadi returned the dustman's money?​

Answer 1

FOOTNOTE:

The city of Istanbul is Turkey's most populous city. Originally a Greek city before it was taken over by Roman emperor Constantine the Great, over the years Istanbul became the only city in the world to serve as capital to three different empires (the Roman Empire in the 4th century, the Byzantine Empire from the 4th to 15th century, and the Ottoman Empire from the 15th to early 20th century). As such, the city has been known by a large number of different names.

Stamboul or Stambul is a variant form of Istanbul. Like Istanbul itself, forms without the initial i- are attested from early on in the Middle Ages, first in Arabic sources of the 10th century and Armenian ones of the 12th. Some early sources also attest to an even shorter form Bulin, based on the Greek word Poli(n) alone without the preceding article.

Stamboul was used in Western languages as an equivalent of Istanbul, until the time it was replaced by the offical new usage of the Turkish form in the 20th century. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, English-speaking sources often used Constantinople to refer to the metropolis as a whole, but Stamboul to refer to the central parts located on the historic peninsula between the historic peninsula. (Wikipedia)

Dustman is an old-fashioned term for a trash collector.