4. Write short notes :
(1) Shimla Agreement
(2) Indo-Nepalese friendship treaty
(3) Machmahon Line
(4) Indo-Afghanistan Relations
Answers
1. the Simla agreement was a comprehensive blueprint that to enable good neighbourly relationship between India and Pakistan under it both India and Pakistan decided to give an past conflict and focus on estabilizing durable friendship please and cooperation between .....
3. The macmahon line demarcation line draw on my referred to the Simla convention a treaty between Britain an tibet singed in 1914 Although is legal disputed it is currently the effective boundaries between China and India the dispute was used a pretext in a war between China and India in 1962
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Answer:
(1) The Simla Agreement, or Shimla Agreement, was signed between India and Pakistan on 2 July 1972 in Shimla, the capital city of the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh.[2] It followed from the Bangladesh Liberation war in 1971 that led to the independence of Bangladesh, which was earlier known as East Pakistan and was part of the territory of Pakistan. India entered the war as an ally of Bangladesh which transformed the war into an Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. The agreement was ratified by the Parliaments of both the nations in the same year.
(2). The 1950 India-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship (official name Treaty of Peace and Friendship Between the Government of India and Government of Nepal) is a bilateral treaty between Nepal and India establishing a close strategic relationship between the two South Asian neighbours. The treaty was signed at Kathmandu on 31 July 1950 by the last Rana Prime Minister of Nepal Mohan Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana and Indian ambassador to Nepal, Chadreshwar Narayan Singh and came into force the same day as per Article 9 of the Treaty.[1] Rana rule in Nepal ended just 3 months after the treaty was signed. The treaty allows free movement of people[2] and goods between the two nations and a close relationship and collaboration on matters of defense and foreign policy.
(3). The McMahon Line forms the northern boundary of Arunachal Pradesh in the eastern Himalayas administered by India but claimed by China.
The McMahon Line is the demarcation line between the Tibetan region of China and the North-east region of India proposed by British colonial administrator Sir Henry McMahon at the 1914 Simla Convention signed between British and Tibetan representatives. It is currently the effective boundary between China and India, although its legal status is disputed by the Chinese government.
The line is named after Henry McMahon, foreign secretary of British India and the chief negotiator of the convention at Simla. It extends for 550 miles (890 km) from Bhutan in the west to 160 miles (260 km) east of the great bend of the Brahmaputra River in the east, largely along the crest of the Himalayas
(4). Bilateral relations between Afghanistan and India have remained strong and friendly over the decades. India and Afghanistan had been historical neighbours, and share cultural ties through Bollywood and cricket.
The Republic of India was the only South Asian country to recognize the Soviet-backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan in the 1980s, though relations were diminished during the 1990s Afghan civil war and the Taliban government.India aided the overthrow of the Taliban and became the largest regional provider of humanitarian and reconstruction aid to the present day Islamic Republic of Afghanistan . Indians are working in various construction projects, as part of India's rebuilding efforts in Afghanistan. Pakistan alleges the Indian intelligence agency R&AW is working in cover to malign Pakistan and train and support insurgents, a claim rejected strongly by India and the United States,the latter historically being a strong ally of Pakistan.