4.
Write the functions performed by the following cell organelles.
(a) Endoplasmic Reticulum
(b) Golgi Complex
(c) Nucleus
(d) Chromoplasts
(e) Vacuoles
(f) Mitochondria
Answers
Answer:
(a) Endoplasmic reticulum helps in calcium storage, protein synthesis and lipid metabolism.
(b) Golgi body helps to process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell.
(c) Nucleus- Controls and regulates the activities of the cell (e.g., growth and metabolism) and carries the genes, structures that contain the hereditary information.
(d) Chromoplasts function in the synthesis and storage of carotenoid pigments in flowers and fruits, and in certain leaves and roots. + [The colouration of petals by chromoplasts is an evolutionary strategy adopted by some angiosperms to attract pollinators.]
(e) Vacuoles- Is a large empty space of cytoplasm containing fluid and functions such as storage, ingestion, digestion, excretion, and expulsion of excess water.
(f) Mitochondrion also known as power house of cell- generates most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. +[Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).]
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