4. Write the functions performed by the following cell organelles.
(a) Endoplasmic Reticulum
(b) Golgi Complex
(c) Nucleus
(d) Chromoplasts
(e) Vacuoles
(f) Mitochondria
Answers
(a) The endoplasmic reticulum can either be smooth or rough, and in general its function is to produce proteins for the rest of the cell to function. The rough endoplasmic reticulum has on it ribosomes, which are small, round organelles whose function it is to make those proteins.
(b) a cell organelle that helps process and package proteins and lipid molecules, especially proteins destined to be exported from the cell.
(c)The nucleus controls and regulates the activities of the cell (e.g., growth and metabolism) and carries the genes, structures that contain the hereditary information.
(d) Chromoplasts synthesize and store pigments such as orange carotene, yellow xanthophylls, and various other red pigments. As such, their color varies depending on what pigment they contain. ... Anthocyanins and flavonoids located in the cell vacuoles are responsible for other colors of pigment.
(e) A vacuole is a membrane-bound cell organelle. In animal cells, vacuoles are generally small and help sequester waste products. In plant cells, vacuoles help maintain water balance. Sometimes a single vacuole can take up most of the interior space of the plant cell.
(f) Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles (mitochondrion, singular) that generate most of the chemical energy needed to power the cell's biochemical reactions. Chemical energy produced by the mitochondria is stored in a small molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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