Question

40. (a) Describe the internal structure of human heart.
(b) Describe mechanism of oxygen transport in hum​

Answer 1

Answer- (a)

Internal structure of human heart

The human heart is four-chambered.

The upper two chambers are called the auricles, separated by the interatrial septum and the lower two chambers are called the ventricles, separated from each other by the interventricular septum.

The two atria are separated by the interatrial septum. The ventricles have more muscular walls than the auricles.

The oxygenated blood from the heart is carried by the arteries to the different body parts.

Vein brings back the deoxygenated blood from the different parts of the body to the heart.

Answer- (b)

Mechanism of oxygen transport in human

Haemoglobin transports oxygen molecule to all the body cells for cellular respiration.

The haemoglobin pigment present in the blood gets attached to four O2 molecules that are obtained from breathing.

It thus forms oxyhaemoglobin and the blood becomes oxygenated.

This oxygenated blood is then distributed to all the body cells by the heart.

After giving away O2 to the body cells, blood takes away CO2 which is the end product of cellular respiration.

Now the blood becomes de-oxygenated.

Since haemoglobin pigment has less affinity for CO2, CO2 is mainly transported in the dissolved form.

This de-oxygenated blood gives CO2 to lung alveoli and takes O2 in return.

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