Question

5.2.5 Formal charge​

Answer 1

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Explanation:

The formal charge of an atom in a molecule is the hypothetical charge the atom would have if we could redistribute the electrons in the bonds evenly between the atoms. Another way of saying this is that formal charge results when we take the number of valence electrons of a neutral atom, subtract the nonbonding electrons, and then subtract the number of bonds connected to that atom in the Lewis structure.

Thus, we calculate formal charge as follows:

formal charge

=

# valence shell electrons (free atom)

−

# lone pair electrons

−

1

2

# bonding electrons