5. According to the “circle of justice", why was it
important for military commanders to keep the
interests of the peasantry in mind?
6. What is meant by the internal" and "external” frontiers
of the Sultanate?
7. What were the steps taken to ensure that muqtis
performed their duties? Why do you think they may
have wanted to defy the orders of the Sultans?
8. What was the impact of the Mongol invasions on the
Delhi Sultanate?
Answers
Answer:
5. According to the “circle of justice”, it was important for military commanders to keep the interests of the peasantry in mind because the salaries of the military commanders came from the revenue collected from peasants. But the peasants could pay their revenue only when they were prosperous and happy. Therefore, it was imperative for military commanders to safeguard the interests of the peasantry.
6. Internal’ frontiers of the sultanate refer to the ‘hinterland’ of the garrison towns. The ‘external’ frontiers, on the other hand, refer to the areas beyond the hinterland of the garrison towns that included the unconquered territories especially in the southern parts of India.
7. Internal’ frontiers of the sultanate refer to the ‘hinterland’ of the garrison towns. The ‘external’ frontiers, on the other hand, refer to the areas beyond the hinterland of the garrison towns that included the unconquered territories especially in the southern parts of India.
8. Mongol attacks on the Delhi Sultanate increased during the reign of Alauddin Khalji and in the early years of Muhammad Tughluq’s rule. This forced the Sultans to undertake a number of expensive protective measures.
They had to mobilise a large standing army in Delhi that posed a big administrative challenge.
They had to build new garrison towns for the soldiers.
They collected produce as tax from lands between the Ganga and Yamuna to feed their soldiers.
The soldiers also had to be paid cash that again put strain on the treasury.
Result of all these protective measures was the weakening of the Delhi Sultanate.