5. Define the following terms:
(a) Effort, (b) Load, (c) Fulcrum, (d) Effort arm,
(e) Load arm, (f) Input energy, (g) Output energy.
6. (a) What do you understand by the term efficiency
of machine?
(b) A machine has an efficiency of 70%. Explain
the statement as clearly as possible.
7. The physical quantities such as mechanical
advantage and efficiency of machine has no
units, but are pure numbers. Explain.
Answers
Answer:
5.
a. Effort is an applied force to bring desired change to the position (push or lift) of the load.
b. The weight lifted by a machine is called Load. It is denoted by 'W'.
c. The definition of a fulcrum is a pivot point around which a lever turns, or something that plays a central role in or is in the center of a situation or activity. A pivot point around which a lever turns is an example of a fulcrum.
d. Effort arm: the place on a lever where the effort force is applied
e. The distance from the applied force or effort force to the fulcrum is called the effort or input arm and the distance from the load to the fulcrum is called the load or output arm.
f. input energy is the amount of energy going into a system.
g. Output energy is the amount of energy going out of the system.