5. Differentiate between metal carbonate and metal suphidd
Answers
Answer:
Obtaining a metal from its oxide is much easier than doing that from a metal sulphide or carbonate. Due to this; metal sulphides and carbonates are first converted to metal oxides during metallurgy.
Sulfide is a chemical compound containing sulfur and metal(s). Sometimes sulfur may be replaced with selenium and tellurium but such minerals are relatively rare. Most common are iron (pyrite and pyrrhotite) disulfides and sulfides such as copper, zinc, lead, silver, bismuth, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum and mercury sulphides.
Sulfides have metallic luster, high density and average hardness. Their origin is mostly hydrothermal, magmatic or exogenous.
Due to redox processes sulfides transfer into sulfates, carbonates and silicates.
Carbonate is a chemical compound containing the carbonate ion. They are fairly common, especially CaCO3 which often takes a big part in creating sedimentary rocks.
Carbonates are characterized with light colors such as pink, white, gray, etc. Their hardness fluctuates between 3 and 5. Their density is generally low, except for carbonates of Zn, Pb and Ba. Most important diagnostic property of carbonate minerals is the effect of HCl and HNO3 on them (they foam and release CO2).
Carbonates may either be sedimentary or sedimentary-metamorphic minerals. They also might form due to low-temperature hydrothermal processes.
Silicates are approximately one third of known minerals. There are ca. 800 silicate minerals. Silicates and alumosilicates are in every magnatic and metamorphic rocks, pegmatites, sedimentary rocks. They often contain useful metals, there are also non-metallic fossils which are represented with silicates, ex. asbestos, feldspar, etc.
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