5. How are fats digested in our bodies? Where does this process take place?
6. What is the role of saliva in the digestion of food?
7. What are the necessary conditions for autotrophic nutrition and what are its by-
products?
8. What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Name some
organisms that use the anaerobic mode of respiration.
9. How are the alveoli designed to maximise the exchange of gases?
10. What would be the consequences of a deficiency of haemoglobin in our bodies?
11. Describe double circulation of blood in human beings. Why is it necessary?
12. What are the differences between the transport of materials in xylem and phloem?
13. Compare the functioning of alveoli in the lungs and nephrons in the kidneys with
respect to their structure and functioning.
Answers
Answer:
5. fats are digested with the help of the enzyme called amylase. majority of fats are digested in the small intestine
Explanation:
5) Your liver produces bile that helps you digest fats and certain vitamins. This bile is stored in the gallbladder. These digestive juices are delivered to your small intestine through ducts where it all works together to complete the fat breakdown.
6) Saliva, the watery liquid produced by glands located under the tongue, is an essential component of the digestive process. Saliva is 98% water, so it moistens the mouth and helps compact food into softened particles for easier swallowing.
7) Autotrophic nutrition takes place through the process of photosynthesis. Carbon dioxide, water, chlorophyll pigment, and sunlight are the necessary conditions required for autotrophic nutrition. Carbohydrates (food) and O2 are the by-products of photosynthesis.
8) Anaerobic respiration is carried out by yeast and other anaerobic organisms like lactic acid bacteria, E. coli, Staphylococcus, Clostridium etc.
9) The alveoli are thin walled and richly supplied with a network of blood capillaries to facilitate the exchange of gases between blood and the air filled in alveoli. ... These provide maximum surface for exchange gases.
10) Haemoglobin is the respiratory pigment that transports oxygen to the body cells for cellular respiration. Therefore, deficiency of haemoglobin in blood can affect the oxygen supplying capacity of blood. This can lead to deficiency of oxygen in the body cells. It can also lead to a disease called anaemia.
11) This means that during a single cycle, the blood goes twice in the heart. ... This double circulatory system is important because it ensures provision of oxygenated blood to the muscle and not a mixture of oxygenated and de-oxygenated blood. Hence, this system ensures efficient supply of oxygenated blood to the muscles.
12) Xylem tissue helps in the transport of water and minerals. Phloem tissue helps in the transport of food. Water is transported upwards from roots to all other plant parts. Food is transported in both upward and downward directions.
13) Alveoli and nephron act as the structural and functional units of lungs and kidneys respectively. Alveoli occur in the respiratory system while the nephrons occur in the excretory system. The cell wall of alveoli and nephrons is thick and surrounded by blood capillaries.