5. List in tabular form two differences between
asexual and sexual modes of reproduction. Name
and explain with the help of a labelled diagram
the process by which Hydra reproduces asexual
Answers
Explanation:
Asexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction
Occurs in prokaryotic microorganisms and in some eukaryotic unicellular and multicellular organisms, lower invertebrates and plants Occurs almost in all types of multicellular organisms including humans, animals, and higher plants.
It is uniparental. It is usually bi-parental.
Gametes are not formed. Gametes are formed.
Somatic cells of parents are involved. Germ cells of parents are involved.
No fertilization occurs. Fertilization takes place.
No involvement of reproductive organs. Presence of fully developed reproductive organs.
Only mitosis type of cell division occurs. Both meiosis and mitosis type of cell division occurs.
The progeny and the parent are genetically identical. The progenies will be genetically different from the parents.
Characteristics of only one parent are inherited. Characteristics of both parents are inherited.
The genes and genetic material are just multiplied and passed on to new organisms from the parent. The genetic material undergoes intermixing from both parents to form a new set of genetic material.
Multiplication is very rapid and takes less time. Multiplication is not so rapid and takes a longer time to complete.
The number of offsprings produced may vary from two to many. The number of offsprings produced is comparatively lower.
No evolutionary significance. Has evolutionary significance in the population.
Bacterial fission, fragmentation, spore formation, budding of hydra are different types of asexual reproduction. Syngamy, external fertilization, and conjugation are different types of sexual reproduction.
Interesting Facts about Reproduction
The record for the longest ever gestation period is held by the elephant which has around 640-660 days as compared to a human’s 280 days.
The deep-sea male anglerfish bites on to the much larger females and then, the tissues start to fuse until the male fish looks like just a lump of tissue dangling from the female’s body. The male anglerfish receives nutrients and the female fish has access to male sperms to fertilize its eggs.
Oysters are protandric creatures, this means that they can change from male to female over the course of their lifetime.
Abiogenesis is a process that still remains a mystery. It speculates how the first-ever life arose from non-living matter such as carbon (Organic compounds.)
Learn more in detail about the differences between sexual and asexual reproduction and other related topics at BYJU’S Biology
Frequently Asked Questions
How is sexual reproduction different from asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes whereas asexual reproduction does not require male and female individuals and no fusion of gametes takes place.
What are the advantages of asexual reproduction?
Asexual reproduction has the following advantages:
It requires less energy.
It can occur in different environments.
The reproduction process does not require a longer time.
It requires only a single individual.
Identical offspring is produced.
What is the advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?
Since sexual reproduction requires two individuals, it allows intermingling of genes which is beneficial for the individuals as well as the entire species. The organisms produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to each other.