5. Project (ART INTEGRATED LEARNING)
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What was the Champaran Movement and what role did Mahatma Gandhi play in it? Collection
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Answers
Answer:
The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first Satyagraha movement led by Gandhi in India and is considered a historically important revolt in the Indian Independence Movement. It was a farmer's uprising that took place in Champaran district of Bihar, India, during the British colonial period.
Explanation:
The Champaran Satyagraha is considered to be a vital event in the history of India's freedom struggle. It was India's first Civil Disobedience movement launched by Mahatma Gandhi to protest against the injustice meted out to tenant farmers in the Champaran district of Bihar
Champaran district was the part of permanent settlement area which consisted of the large zamindari estates under rich and influential landlords. Most of the villages were leased out by the zamindars to thikadars of whom the most influential were European Indigo Planters. Though the planters were temporary tenure holders, they not only extracted rent from the peasants but also exercised civil and criminal jurisdiction.
Historical background of Champaran Satyagraha
Before Champaran Satyagraha, the farmer of Champaran used to follow the "panchkathiya" system, whereby five katthas of land in a bigha had to be planted with indigo. The local agitators and leaders like Sheikh Gulab, Harbans Sahay, Pir Mohammed Munsi, Sant Rawat and Lomrah Singh agitated against the "panchkathiya" system and managed to extract some concession and the system that came to be practiced was the "tinkathiya" system (three, instead of five, katthas of land was to be planted with indigo.