Question

5. The process of extraction is used to remove a substance from the solution by shaking it
with some suitable solvent in which the required substance
a) is more soluble b) is less soluble c) dissociate d) forms complex​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Liquid–liquid extraction (LLE), also known as solvent extraction and partitioning, is a method to separate compounds or metal complexes, based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids, usually water (polar) and an organic solvent (non-polar). There is a net transfer of one or more species from one liquid into another liquid phase, generally from aqueous to organic. The transfer is driven by chemical potential, i.e. once the transfer is complete, the overall system of chemical components that make up the solutes and the solvents are in a more stable configuration (lower free energy). The solvent that is enriched in solute(s) is called extract. The feed solution that is depleted in solute(s) is called the raffinate. LLE is a basic technique in chemical laboratories, where it is performed using a variety of apparatus, from separatory funnels to countercurrent distribution equipment called as mixer settlers.[not verified in body] This type of process is commonly performed after a chemical reaction as part of the work-up, often including an acidic work-up.