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VI. Answer the following questions:
1. Define a cell.
2. Who discovered the cell?
3. Give three examples of unicellular organisms.
4. Name the outermost layer of an animal cell.
5. Which layer is present outside the plasma membrane in a plant cell?
6. Where are chromosomes present in a cell?
7. Name the cell part that has tiny holes.
8. Name the cell organelles which are found only in the plant cell.
9. Which cell can be observed with the unaided eve?
10. Mention the functions of the following:
brane (b) Chromosomes.
Answers
Answer:
1) Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. ... Cells also contain the body's hereditary material and can make copies of themselves. Cells have many parts, each with a different function. Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell.
2) Initially discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665, the cell has a rich and interesting history that has ultimately given way to many of today's scientific advancements.
3)Following are some of the examples of unicellular organisms:
Escherichia coli.
Diatoms.
Protozoa.
Protista.
Streptococcus.
Pneumococci.
Dinoflagellates.
4) Cell membrane or plasma membrane.
5)cell wall is present outside the plasma membrane in plant cell which provide additional rigidity to the cell and protects the cell.
6) Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
7) The answer is cell membrane because it allows the materials to enter and leave the cell through tiny holes or openings . It is a porous and flexible membrane .
8) A chloroplast is an organelle that is only present in plant cells. It is a plastid that contains chlorophyll and is also where photosynthesis takes place.
9)The power of accommodation of an eye to view something without it's magnification is 100 microns. Therefore, an object has to be 0.1 mm long to become visible. The cells which are visible to the naked eye include : Amoeba proteus, a human egg and a paramecium.
10) a- The plasma membrane, or the cell membrane, provides protection for a cell. It also provides a fixed environment inside the cell, and that membrane has several different functions. One is to transport nutrients into the cell and also to transport toxic substances out of the cell.
b- Chromosomes are thread-like structures present in the nucleus, which carries genetic information from one generation to another. They play a vital role in cell division, heredity, variation, mutation, repair and regeneration
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