5. Where do the external parasites of animals live?
SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS : Answer in 10-15 words
1. What are the general characterise of microorganisms?
2. How do the blue-green algae and symbiotic bacteria convert atmosp
3. What is fermentation ? Describe the commercial use of microorg
4. What are the symptoms of food poisoning ? Name two microorga
5. What is meant by food preservation ? Name two food preservati
and Jellys.
C) LONG-ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS : Answer in 20-25 words
1. Write the beneficial actions of:
(a) bacteria
(b) fungi
(c) algae
2. Describe the natural fixation of nitrogen.
3. How do microorganisms cleanse the environment?
Answers
5. live inside an animal’s body.
SHORT - ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. The general characteristic of microorganisms are they are cellular composition, morphology, mean of locomotion, and reproduction.
2. They convert free nitrogen into nitrogenous compounds such as ammonia, nitrate, nitrites with the help of enzyme nitrogenase.
3. Fermentation is the process in which a substance breaks down into a simpler substance. Microorganisms like yeast and bacteria usually play a role in the fermentation process, creating beer, wine, bread, kimchi, yogurt and other foods.
4. Food poisoning symptoms may include cramping, nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea.
The names of two micro organise that cause food poisoning are:
Salmonella
Campylobacter
5. The process of treating and handling food in such a way as to stop or greatly slow down spoilage and prevent foodborne illness while maintaining nutritional value, texture and flavour.
Sodium benzoate and potassium metabisulfate are preservatives commonly used in store-bought jams and pickles.
LONG -ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. (a). The beneficial uses of bacteria include the production of traditional foods such as yogurt, cheese, and vinegar.
(b) Fungi is used in making breads, cakes and also used in the production of alcohol. it is also used in making antibiotics ; such as Penicillin, which is obtained from the fungus Penicillium.
(c) Algae, when grown using sunlight, consume carbon dioxide (CO2) as they grow, releasing oxygen (O2) for the rest of us to breathe.
2.Nitrogen Fixation is a biological process in which the nitrogen gas is converted into ammonia and other related nitrogenous compounds which is usable form for plants and other microbes.
3.The microorganisms decompose dead organic wastes of plants and animals converting them into simple substances. These substances are again used by other plants and animals. Thus, microorganisms can be used to degrade the harmful and smelly substances and thereby cleans up the environment.