Question

5. Who discovered protons?
6. The distance between two objects is decreased. Will the gravitational force
between them increase or decrease?
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Answer 1

answer - 5 Observed as H+ by Eugen Goldstein (1886). Identified in other nuclei (and named) by Ernest Rutherford (1917–1920). One or more protons are present in the nucleus of every atom; they are a necessary part of the nucleus.

answer- 6 Since gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the separation distance between the two interacting objects, more separation distance will result in weaker gravitational forces. So as two objects are separated from each other, the force of gravitational attraction between them also decreases.

Answer 2

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$\small\mathbf\orange{{ ERNEST \: RUTHERFORD}}$

bombarded nitrogen atoms with helium nuclei (alpha particles), and hydrogen atoms (protons) were formed as a result. From this, he concluded that nitrogen nuclei contained protons. Rutherford's main focus was on studying the nucleus through radioactive decay.

$\sf\green{hope \: it \: helps \: you.....∞}$