5.
Write the answers of the following questions in 60-80 words:
(i)
What was the role of the philosopher in the French Revolution?
(ii)
What is difference between capitalism and socialism?
(iii)
Who were the November criminals?
(iv)
What change ofter october revolution in Russia?
please tell easy answer
Answers
Answer:
१ Among them were Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu and Diderot. Their revolutionary ideas encouraged people to fight for their rights. ... John Locke propounded the ideas refuting divinity and absolute rights of monarchs. Montesquieu's philosophy outlined constitutional monarchy and division of powers.
२Capitalism is a market-driven economy. The state does not intervene in the economy, leaving it up to market forces to shape society and life. Socialism is characterized by state ownership of businesses and services. Central planning is used to attempt to make society more equitable.
३ The nickname 'November Criminals' was given to the German politicians who negotiated and signed the armistice which ended World War One, and was given by their opponents, who felt the army had enough strength to continue and that surrendering was a betrayal, a crime.
४The main changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after the October Revolution were (i)The Bolsheviks were totally opposed to private property Therefore most industries and banks were nationalised. (ii) Land was declared social property and peasants were allowed to seize the land of the nobility.
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