50 POINTS. Explain cell organelles.
Answers
Answer:
CELL ORGANELLES :-
Different small organ like structures inside the cell which do many functions inside the cell are called 'cell organelles'.
SOME EXAMPLES:
- golgi bodies'
- ribosomes
- chloroplast
- nucleus, etc.
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Nucleus
Nucleus of an animal cell. Eukaryotic cell, showing cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus and nucleolus. (photomicrography)
age fotostock/SuperStock
Known as the cell’s “command center,” the nucleus is a large organelle that stores the cell’s DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). The nucleus controls all of the cell’s activities, such as growth and metabolism, using the DNA’s genetic information. Within the nucleus is a smaller structure called the nucleolus, which houses the RNA (ribonucleic acid). RNA helps convey the DNA’s orders to the rest of the cell and serves as a template for protein synthesis.
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are the protein factories of the cell. Composed of two subunits, they can be found floating freely in the cell’s cytoplasm or embedded within the endoplasmic reticulum. Using the templates and instructions provided by two different types of RNA, ribosomes synthesize a variety of proteins that are essential to the survival of the cell.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Endoplasmic reticulum. cell biology
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membranous organelle that shares part of its membrane with that of the nucleus. Some portions of the ER, known as the rough ER, are studded with ribosomes and are involved with protein manufacture. The rest of the organelle is referred to as the smooth ER and serves to produce vital lipids (fats).
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