Question

52. In human, lacteals are found in :​

Answer 1

Answer:

Lacteals are lymphatic vessels found in small intestinal villi. While other nutrients such as amino acids and saccharides are absorbed into the blood stream, lacteals absorb fat. Occurring in the fingerlike villi of the ileum, lacteals have a milky appearance and drain into the lymphatic system. Before fat can pass into the lacteal, bile from the liver causes its emulsification into small droplets for attack by the enzyme lipase.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

In the intestine, lymphatic capillaries, or lacteals, are located exclusively in intestinal villi, whereas collecting lymphatic vessels are present in the mesentery.7 The term gut lymphatics used throughout this review refers to both lacteals in the intestinal villi and lymphatic vessels in the submucosa. The structural organization of intestinal stroma has been elegantly described by Bernier-Latmani et al,8, 9 who also provide detailed protocols for generating high-resolution 3-dimensonal images of gut cell types including blood and lymphatic vessel cells, smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and immune cells.

Lacteal length normally reaches 60%–70% of villus length and this proportion does not differ along the different intestinal segments.8 Lacteals are surrounded by a highly organized cage-like structure of arterial and venous blood capillaries and by a treelike set of smooth muscle fibers (Figure 1) usually identified by staining for α–smooth muscle actin and desmin.8 Extracellular matrix proteins in the intestinal villus interact with LEC membrane proteins, notably the integrins, to regulate lymphangiogenesis and aspects of lacteal function.10 For example, integrin β1, expressed in intestinal blood and LEC vessels,8 is required for the proliferative response of LECs to fluid accumulation and cell stretching.

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