Question

58. Why is it not possible to obtain pure ethanol by fractional distillation ? What general name is given to binary mixtures which show deviation from Raoult's law and whose components cannot be separated
by fractional distillation. How many types of such mixtures are there?
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Answer 1

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Pure ethanol cannot be obtained by fractional distillation because when the mixture attains a composition of 95.6 % alchohol and 44% water, it becomes an azeotropiz mixture. In general, such mixtures are called 'azeotropes'. There are two types of such mixtures as follows :

(i) Minimum boiling azeotropes formed from non - ideal solutions showing +ve deviations.

(ii) Maximum boiling azeotropes formed from non - ideal solutions showing -ve deviations.

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Answer 2

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