6.0 dm3 of hydrogen are exploded with 2.4 dm3 of oxygen in a closed chamber. Calculate the volume of water vapour formed and the volume of any gas remaining unconsumed under the same conditions.
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ICSE Class 10
Selina Solutions
Chemistry
Mole Concept And Stoichiometry
SELINA Solutions for Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 5 - Mole Concept And Stoichiometry
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- Choose Chapter - Chapter 1 - Periodic Table, Periodic Properties and Variations of Properties Chapter 2 - Chemical Bonding Chapter 3 - Acids, Bases and Salts Chapter 4 - Analytical Chemistry Chapter 5 - Mole Concept And Stoichiometry Chapter 6 - Electrolysis Chapter 7 - Metallurgy Chapter 8 - Study of Compounds A. Hydrogen Chloride Chapter 9 - Study of Compounds B. Ammonia Chapter 10 - Study of Compounds C. Nitric Acid Chapter 11 - Study of Compounds D. Sulphuric Acid Chapter 12 - Organic Chemistry Chapter 13 - Practical Work
Page / Exercise
Ex. 5A
Ex. 5B
Ex. 5C
Ex. 5D
Misc. Ex.
Chapter 5 - Mole Concept And Stoichiometry Exercise Ex. 5A
Question 1
State :
(a) Gay-Lussac's Law of combining volumes.
(b) Avogadro's law
Solution 1
(a) Gay-Lussac's law states that when gases react, they do so in volumes which bear a simple ratio to one another, and to the volume of the gaseous product, provided that all the volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure.
(b) Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of all gases under similar conditions of temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.
Question 2
(a) What do you mean by stoichiometry?
(b) Define atomicity of a gas. State the atomicity of Hydrogen, Phosphorus and Sulphur.
(c) Differentiate between N2 and 2N.
Solution 2
(a) stoichiometry measures quantitative relationships and is used to determine the amount of products/reactants that are produced/needed in a given reaction.
(b) The number of atoms in a molecule of an element is called its atomicity. Atomicity of Hydrogen is 2, phosphorus is 4 and sulphur is 8.
(c) N2 means 1 molecule of nitrogen and 2N means two atoms of nitrogen.
N2 can exist independently but 2N cannot exist independently.
Question 3
Explain Why?
(a) "The number of atoms in a certain volume of hydrogen is twice the number of atoms in the same volume of helium at the same temperature and pressure."
(b) "When stating the volume of a gas, the pressure and temperature should also be given."
(c)Inflating a balloon seems to violate Boyle's law.
Solution 3
(a) This is due to Avogadros Law which states Equal volumes of all gases under similar conditions of temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules.
Now volume of hydrogen gas =volume of helium gas
n molecules of hydrogen =n molecules of helium gas
nH2=nHe
1 mol. of hydrogen has 2 atoms of hydrogen and I molecule of helium has 1 atom of helium
Therefore 2H=He
Therefore atoms in hydrogen is double the atoms of helium.
(b) For a given volume of gas under given temperature and pressure, a change in any one of the variable i.e., pressure or temperature changes the volume.
(c) Inflating a balloon seems violating Boyles law as volume is increasing with increase in pressure. Since the mass of gas is also increasing.
Question 4
(a) Calculate the volume of oxygen at S.T.P required for the complete combustion of 100 litres of carbon monoxide at the same temperature and pressure.
2CO + O22CO2
(b) 200 cm3 of hydrogen and 150 cm3 of oxygen are mixed and ignited, as per the following reaction,
2H2 + O2 2H2O