6. A game of chance consists of spinning an arrow on a 3 circular board, divided into / 4 8 equal parts, which comes to rest pointing at one of the numbers 1, 2, 3, …, 8 (Figure), which are equally likely outcomes. What is the probability that the arrow will point at (i) an odd number (ii) a number greater than 3 (iii) a number less than 9.
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Ans. Out of 8 numbers, an arrow can point any of the numbers in 8 ways.
Total number of favourable outcomes = 8
(i) Favourable number of outcomes = 1
Hence, P (arrow points at 8) =
(ii) Favourable number of outcomes = 4
Hence, P (arrow points at an odd number) =
(iii) Favourable number of outcomes = 6
Hence, P (arrow points at a number > 2) =
(iv) Favourable number of outcomes = 8
Hence, P (arrow points at a number < 9) = =1
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