Question

6. How are oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in
human beings? How are lungs designed to
maximise the area for exchange of gases? (CBSE)​

Answer 1

Answer:

Gas exchange takes place in the millions of alveoli in the lungs and the capillaries that envelop them. As shown below, inhaled oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood in the capillaries, and carbon dioxide moves from the blood in the capillaries to the air in the alveoli.

Answer 2

Answer:

Transport of Oxygen: Haemoglobin transports oxygen molecule to all the body cells for cellular respiration . ... Transport of carbon dioxide: Since haemoglobin pigment has less affinity for CO2, CO2 is mainly transported in the dissolved form. This deoxygenated blood gives CO2 to lung alveoli and takes O2 in return.

In humans, a pair of lungs are designed in such a way that they are lined by a thin membrane, the smaller tubes called bronchioles a balloon-like structure called alveoli and network of blood capillaries increase the surface area for exchange of gases.