6. State and explain law of multiple proportions with suitable example?
Answers
ANSWER:-
the law of multiple proportions is one of the basic laws of stoichiometry used to establish the atomic theory, alongside conservation of mass theory also.
EXPLANATIONS:-
the law of proportions states that when two elements combine with each other to form more than one compound , the weight of one element that combines with the fixed weight of the other are in a ratio of small whole numbers.
EXAMPLES:-
there are 5 main oxides of nitrogen and the weight of oxygen in combination with 14 grams of nitrogen are ,in increasing order 8,16,24,32,40. or in the ratio 1,2,3,4,5...
GIVEN BY:-
this theory way given by John Dalton in 1803
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Answer:
The law of multiple proportions : This law states that when two elements chemically combine to form two or more compounds with different compositions by weights, then thenmasses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element are in the ratio of small whole numbers.
Explanation : Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form two compounds, namely water
(H_2O) and hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2).
Hydrogen + Oxygen -------> Water
2g⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀16 g⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀18 g
Hydrogen Peroxide -------> Hydrogen + Oxygen
2g⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀32g⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀34g
It is found that the two masses of oxygen namely 16g and 32 g which combine with a fixed mass of hydrogen (2 g) are in the ratio of small hole numbers, i.e. 16 : 32 or 1:2.