6. Why phosphate conditioning is better than carbonate conditioning?
4.17. Why is calgon conditioning is better than phosphate conditioning?
18. What are the reasons of boiler corrosion?
19. What do you mean by caustic embrittlement?
20. How can you prevent causting embrittlement?
21. What is priming and foaming?
22. What is the basic principle applied to remove the hardness of water by Lime
23. Why does Mg(HCO3)2 requires double amount of lime for softening?
24. Explain 1 equiv. of Al2(SO), requires 1 equiv of Ca(OH), for softening purp
25. Why is the presence of NaAlO2 in water is equivalent to presence of equiv
26. What do you mean by zeolite?
27. What are lon Exchange Resins.
28. How are exhausted ion-exchange resins are regenerated?
29. What is sedimation and coagulation?
30. Distinguish between primary and secondary stadards of drinking water?
Answers
Answer:
I think u should ask some more Question??????
Answer:
6.Phosphate conditioning is more beneficial than carbonate conditioning. ... In this method, sodium carbonate solution is added to convert the calcium ions to soft and loose sludge. Soft CaCO3 is formed which is removed by blow down operation.
4.17. In calgon Conditioning, the added calgon forms soluble complex compound with CaSo4, thereby it prevents the scale and sludge formation in water. ... 2Na₃PO4 + 3 CaSO4 ---> Ca₃(PO4)₂↓ + 3 Na2 SO4. Hence
18.Corrosion is a phenomenon in which atmospheric oxygen in the air or water reacts with the metal to form oxides. ...
19.Caustic embrittlement is the phenomenon in which the material of a boiler becomes brittle due to the accumulation of caustic substances.
20.Control of stress level (residual or load) and hardness.
21.Boiler water carry-over is the contamination of the steam with boiler-water solids. Bubbles or froth actually build up on the surface of the boiler water and pass out with the steam. Priming is sometimes aggravated by impurities in the boiler-water. ...
22.Lime soda process: In lime-soda process, hard water is treated with lime (CaO or Ca (OH)2) firstly, after that with soda. In this process, the hardness is removed by sedimentation as calcium carbonate or magnesium hydroxide.
23.When high magnesium water is softened, excess lime needs to be added to raise the pH above 11, and magnesium hydroxide precipitates out.
24.?
25.?
26.any of a large group of minerals consisting of hydrated aluminosilicates of sodium, potassium, calcium, and barium. They can be readily dehydrated and rehydrated, and are used as cation exchangers and molecular sieves.
27.An ion-exchange resin or ion-exchange polymer is a resin or polymer that acts as a medium for ion exchange. ... The beads are typically porous, providing a large surface area on and inside them the trapping of ions occurs along with the accompanying release of other ions, and thus the process is called ion exchange.
28.Regeneration is a process that takes ion exchange resin beads that are exhausted (fully loaded), and removes ions that have been picked up during the in-service cycle so the resin can continue to be used. ... Regeneration of an ion exchange resin bed involves multiple processes, including: Backwash. Chemical injection.
29.Sedimentation is the process of allowing particles in suspension in water to settle out of the suspension under the effect of gravity. ...
30.Primary drinking water standards are enforceable. Secondary drinking water standards are unenforceable. They are based on health related criteria. They are based on both aesthetics such as taste, odor and color of drinking water as well as non-aesthetic characteristics such as corrosivity and hardness.
Explanation:
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