62. (a) Define anaerobic respiration. Write a word equation for this process. Name an organism which always normally uses aerobic respiration, (b) What type of respiration takes place in human muscles during heavy physical exercise ?
Answers
Explanation:
- Anaerobic (cellular) respiration is a respiratory process that occurs in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes in which cells break down the sugar molecules to produce energy without the presence of oxygen.
- The equation is: glucose + enzymes = carbon dioxide + ethanol / lactic acid.
- Humans and most animals normally use aerobic respiration.
- Anaerobic respiration takes place in human muscles during vigorous physical exercise. During exercise, our body needs more energy and aerobic respiration is not sufficient to provide energy. Hence muscles start anaerobic respiration to meet the extra energy needed by the body.
Answer:
(a) Key points. Respiration is a chemical reaction which takes place in all livings cells and releases energy from glucose. Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and releases less energy but more quickly than aerobic respiration. Anaerobic respiration in microorganisms is called fermentation.
(b) The photosynthesis equation is as follows: 6CO2 + 6H20 + (energy) → C6H12O6 + 6O2 Carbon dioxide + water + energy from light produces glucose and oxygen.
(c) Aerobic respiration is when an organism breaks down glucose with the help/ use of oxygen. Breakdown of food releases energy. Humans and most animals normally use aerobic respiration.
(d) Anaerobic respiration takes place in human muscles during vigorous physical exercise. During exercise, our body needs more energy and aerobic respiration is not sufficient to provide energy. Hence muscles start anaerobic respiration to meet the extra energy needed by the body.