7. Answer the following questions.
a. Which vaccines are given to
infants? Why?
b. How is a vaccine produced?
cy How do antibiotics cure disease?
Are the antibiotics given to humans
and animals the same? Why?
e. Why is it necessary to safely store
the pathogens of a disease against
which vaccines are to be produced?
Answers
Answer:
[a] Hepatitis B vaccine: This vaccine is given to most newborns before they are discharged from the hospital. The first dose is typically given at birth, the second dose at age 1 to 2 months, and the third dose at age 6 to 18 months.
b)Vaccines are made by taking viruses or bacteria and weakening them so that they can't reproduce (or replicate) themselves very well or so that they can't replicate at all. Children given vaccines are exposed to enough of the virus or bacteria to develop immunity, but not enough to make them sick.
c)The antibiotics used in human medicine belong to the same general classes as those used in animals, and in many cases even if they are not exactly the same compounds their mode of action is the same.
e)Since, these microorganisms are dead/weakened, they lose their disease causing abilities and thus pose no harm. However, if these microorganisms are not stored properly and if they are in their infective stage, they can result in widespread of the disease.
Explanation:
helps u
Answer:
a. Hepatitis B vaccine: This vaccine is given to most newborns before they are discharged from the hospital. The first dose is typically given at birth, the second dose at age 1 to 2 months, and the third dose at age 6 to 18 months. This birth dose protects newborns from mother-to-child transmission of the liver-wasting disease, and also guards against infection during a period when the virus is most damaging to future health.
b. Several vaccines are made by taking toxins and inactivating them with a chemical (the toxin, once inactivated, is called a toxoid). By inactivating the toxin, it no longer causes disease. The diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccines are made this way.
c. Antibiotics are used to treat or prevent some types of bacterial infection. They work by killing bacteria or preventing them from reproducing and spreading. Antibiotics aren't effective against viral infections, such as the common cold, flu, most coughs and sore throats.
d. Since, the pathogen of the disease are different, so different antibiotics will be required. However, if the pathogenic organism of a diseases is same for both humans and animals then, antibiotics which are given to humans can be administered to animals as well.
e. Vaccines are dead/weakened microorganisms which provide immunity against diseases by inducing immune response of the body. ... However, if these microorganisms are not stored properly and if they are in their infective stage, they can result in widespread of the disease.
Explanation: