Science, asked by kiranlakhotia81, 9 months ago

7. Explain soil profile with the help of a labelled diagram.​

Answers

Answered by King412
38

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A soil horizon is a layer parallel to the soil surface whose physical, chemical and biological characteristics differ from the layers above and beneath. Horizons are defined in many cases by obvious physical features, mainly colour and textures.

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Answered by hotelcalifornia
2

Soil profile is the soil's vertical section.

Explanation:

  • The range of soil profile is from the ground to the interface where soil meets underlying rock.
  • Topmost layer of earth's crust is called soil.
  • Soil consists of rocks and minerals which are essential for supporting life.
  • Soil fertility is determine by examining the soil profile.
  • Soil profile is divided into horizons. Soil horizons are the layers of soil that runs parallel to the surface of ground.

There are five main horizons in soil profile:

Horizon O:

  • It consists of organic material like grasses, rocks, twigs, dead leaves, surface organisms and decomposed organic matter.

Horizon A:

  • Also called topsoil, it is rich in organic material.
  • It is also referred as humus layer.
  • It is soft and porous so that it holds air and water.
  • Germination of seeds takes place in topsoil. It consists of microorganisms.

Horizon E:

  • It consists of nutrients from horizon O and A.
  • It is more common in forests.
  • It has low clay content.

Horizon B or subsoil:

  • It is located just below the topsoil and above the bedrock.
  • This layer is more compact and harder than topsoil.
  • Metal salts and specific minerals are deposited in this layer of soil.
  • It holds more water than topsoil.

Horizon C:

  • It consists of only broken bedrock.
  • It has cemented geological materials.
  • There are no organic matter in this layer.
  • It is least weathered layer in soil profile.

Horizon R:

  • It consists of partially weathered rock or even unweathered rock.
  • It forms the foundation of base layer of soil.
  • Manganese, limestone, granite and basalt are found in this layer of soil profile.
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