Question

7
The gland A is attached to the wind pipe in the human body. The gland A makes and secretes a hormone B which controls the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body. The non-metal element C is necessary for the formation of hormone B. The deficiency of C in the diet can cause a deficiency of hormone B in the body leading to a disease D in which the neck of a person appears to be swollen. People are advised to use salt E in cooking food so as to avoid disease D.
(a) Name (i) gland A, and (ii) hormone B.
(b) What is the element C?
(c) Name one type of food which can provide sufficient C in the diet of a person.
(d) Name (i) disease D, and (ii) salt E.

Answer 1

The only gland attached to the wind pipe is the thyroid gland, thus, A is thyroid gland. It secrets thyroxin, thus B is thyroxin which helps in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats

Iodine is a non-metal which I very important for the production of thyroxin, thus C is Iodine.

The deficiency of Thyroxin would lead to GOITRE (D).

Thus people are advised to use iodinised salt in daily consumption.

Fish (such as cod and tuna), seaweed, shrimp, and other seafood, which are generally rich in iodine.