7.What are the different types of heterotrophic nutrition in plants? Give two examples of each?
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Answer:
the different types of heterotrophic nutrition in plants are saprophytic, holozoic and parasitic
Types of Heterotrophic Nutrition
In nature, organisms exhibit various types of heterotrophic nutrition. They are as follows:
- Holozoic Nutrition
- Saprophytic Nutrition
- Parasitic Nutrition
Holozoic nutrition involves the ingestion and internal processing of solid and liquid food in an organism. This involves the steps of ingestion, digestion, absorption, assimilation, and excretion. Examples of animals that exhibit holozoic nutrition include all vertebrates.
Types of Holozoic Organisms
Holozoic organisms can be divided into three types:
- Herbivores- These organisms depend upon plants for their food. Cows, buffaloes, deer, elephants are herbivores.
- Carnivores- These animals feed on other animals for their food. Lions, tigers and leopards are carnivores.
- Omnivores- These animals can survive on either plants or animals for their food. Cockroach, pig, chimpanzees, raccoons and ant are some examples of omnivores.
Saprophytes (animals which follow saprophytic nutrition) feed on dead and decayed organisms for energy. They are an important part of the ecosystem as they help to keep our environment clean and recycle nutrient back into the ecosystem.
Some examples of saprophytes are fungi and certain types of bacteria. These are also responsible for the staling of bread and other similar food products.
Organisms that live in or on other organisms and acquire food at the expense of its host are called parasites. Most parasites are harmful to the hosts’ health; sometimes, they even kill the host. Both animals and plants may serve as a host. Unlike commensalism, the parasite causes some harm to its host. Few examples of parasites are louse on a human head, Cuscuta plant, and tapeworms.
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