7. Write answers to the following questions in one-
1. The economy of hea is dependent on what?
2. By which type of farming are gram and wheat cultivated in the
Bhal region of Gujarat?
3. In which agriculture, the production is less ?
4. Which cultivation requires more care?
5. Which cultivation gives more production per hectare?
6. Which agricultural productions are more nutritive?
7. In which type of cultivation, are the chemical fertilizers and
insecticides not used?
8. In which cultivation are dung, earthworm and compost
fertilizers used for increasing nutrition of the crop ?
9. In which cultivation are cow urine, neem solvent, buttermilk,
etc used for conservation of crop ?
10. Which crop requires more water?
Answers
Answer:
Question 1.
Write notes on types of agriculture.
Answer:
Types of fanning:
(1) Subsistence farming: Farming done on small farms using simple and basic tools is called subsistence farming. The farmers doing this farming are very poor. So, they cannot afford good fertilizers, quality seeds and pesticides. The production out of this farming is so low that it is consumed mainly by the farmer and his family.
(2) Dry farming: Farming done by using the moisture accumulated within the land is known as diy farming. It is done is areas where rainfall is less and irrigation facilities are inadequate. Only one crop can be taken through diy farming. People who practice dry farming grow crops like jowar, millet and pulses which can grow with less water. In Gujarat, wheat and gram are grown in the humid soil after the monsoon is over.
(3) Wet farming: The farming practiced in areas receiving heavy rainfall or having good and adequate irrigational facilities is called wet farming. At least two crops are taken under wet farming. In case of less rain, the second crop is taken using irrigated water. Crops such as paddy, sugarcane, cotton, wheat and vegetables which require more water are grown using wet farming.
(4) Shifting (Jhoom) faming: In this type of farming, first a piece of forest land is cleared by cutting trees and burning tmnks and branches. After this, the crops are grown for two or three years. When the fertility of soil reduces the farmers leave the land and start farming with the same method in some other land. This type of farming is also called jhoom farming. Here, the per-hectare production is low. Cereals or vegetables are grown in this type of agriculture.
(5) Plantation agriculture: It means farming of trees or bush. A lot of capital, technological knowledge good fertilizer, irrigation facility, transport facility, managerial skills, etc. are needed for plantation agriculture. It also takes long time to grow plantation crops and requires lot of care. Rubber, tea, coffee, cocoa, spices, coconut and different fruits like apples, mangoes, oranges, amla (myrobalan), khaerek: (Khalela, dried date), etc. are grown through plantation agriculture. It is mainly practiced in hilly regions.
(6) Intensive farming: Farming done using mechanized tools, proper irrigation, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, etc. is known as intensive farming. Cash crops such as cotton, tobacco, rubber, etc. are grown more in this type of farming. Due to intensive farming, our per hectare production and net sown area has increased drastically. Here, economic return is given more importance and hence, it is also known as ‘Commercial farming’.