Question

8.Diffusion is the spontaneous mixing of particles.
a) What is the relation between the rate of diffusion and the state of substance?
b)What is the effect of temperature on rate of diffusion?
c)Cite an example to show the effect of temperature on diffusion.​

Answer 1

1. Graham's law states that the rate of diffusion or of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of its molecular weight
2. Temperature: Higher temperatures increase the energy and therefore the movement of the molecules, increasing the rate of diffusion. Lower temperatures decrease the energy of the molecules, thus decreasing the rate of diffusion
3. As per the collision theory, faster diffusion will take place if the surroundings are warmer. The speed of a molecule is proportional to the square root of the absolute temperature and temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of molecules in an object, therefore when the temperature increases the molecules will have more kinetic energy, so they move faster and due to more spontaneous spreading of the material diffusion occurs quicker. When this happens the rate of diffusion also increases, the opposite will happen if the temperature decreases. The Brownian motion of the molecules increases with temperature, and therefore the diffusion.

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Answer 2

Answer:

the rate of diffusion of gases is higher than the rate of diffusion of liquids, the rate of diffusion of liquids is higher than the rate of diffusion of solids

Explanation:

oxygen diffuses in the air very fast, pottasium permanganate diffuses in liquid medium fast. because molecules arranged very far from each other in gases