8.
Read the following passage and answer the following questions.
1x5=5
In vitro fertilization refers to the fusion of eggs with the sperm
inside test tubes that is outside the female body. This kind of
fertilization is undertaken in certain cases where a with lyrics
of women are blocked and therefore this women can't their
babies. In such cases the freshly released ovum and sperm are
taken and kept together for few hours for in vitro fertilization
to take place in a test tube in case fertilization occurs the zygote
is allowed to develop for about a week and then introduced
inside the uterus of the for the development takes place in the
uterus like any other baby.
(a) Why the babies born by in vitro fertilization are termed
as test tube babies?
(b) Why some babies are born by in vitro fertization?
(c) What is fertilization?
(d) What is the full form of IVF?
(e) Babies born through the technique of in vitro
fertilization are called test tube babies but the term is
actually misleading. Why?
Answers
Answer:
In vitro fertilization (IVF)
Email this page to a friend Print Facebook Twitter Pinterest
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is the joining of a woman's egg and a man's sperm in a laboratory dish. In vitro means outside the body. Fertilization means the sperm has attached to and entered the egg.
Description
Normally, an egg and sperm are fertilized inside a woman's body. If the fertilized egg attaches to the lining of the womb and continues to grow, a baby is born about 9 months later. This process is called natural or unassisted conception.
IVF is a form of assisted reproductive technology (ART). This means special medical techniques are used to help a woman become pregnant. It is most often tried when other, less expensive fertility techniques have failed.
There are five basic steps to IVF:
Step 1: Stimulation, also called super ovulation
Medicines, called fertility drugs, are given to the woman to boost egg production.
Normally, a woman produces one egg per month. Fertility drugs tell the ovaries to produce several eggs.
During this step, the woman will have regular transvaginal ultrasounds to examine the ovaries and blood tests to check hormone levels.
Step 2: Egg retrieval
A minor surgery, called follicular aspiration, is done to remove the eggs from the woman's body.
The surgery is done in the doctor's office most of the time. The woman will be given medicines so she does not feel pain during the procedure. Using ultrasound images as a guide, the health care provider inserts a thin needle through the vagina into the ovary and sacs (follicles) containing the eggs. The needle is connected to a suction device, which pulls the eggs and fluid out of each follicle, one at a time.
The procedure is repeated for the other ovary. There may be some cramping after the procedure, but it will go away within a day.
In rare cases, a pelvic laparoscopy may be needed to remove the eggs. If a woman does not or cannot produce any eggs, donated eggs may be used.
Step 3: Insemination and Fertilization
The man's sperm is placed together with the best quality eggs. The mixing of the sperm and egg is called insemination.
Eggs and sperm are then stored in an environmentally controlled chamber. The sperm most often enters (fertilizes) an egg a few hours after insemination.
If the doctor thinks the chance of fertilization is low, the sperm may be directly injected into the egg. This is called intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
Many fertility programs routinely do ICSI on some of the eggs, even if things appear normal.
Explanation: