8. What are the two properties of carbon, which enable carbon to form a large number
of compounds ? Explain them in detail. (4 mark question)
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The two features of carbon that give rise to a large number of compounds are as follows: (i) Catenation: It is the ability to form bonds with other atoms of carbon. (ii) Tetravalency: With the valency of four, carbon is capable of bonding with four other atoms.
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1) CATENATION: the carbon atom is tetravalent which means that its valency is 4. it can neither 4 electrons nor gain 4 electrons. therefore it forms covalent bonds. catenation is the ability of carbon to keep forming covalent bonds with itself to form large compounds
2) SIZE OF A CARBON ATOM: the carbon atom is very small. the repulsion bwtween the electrons is also very low. therefore it can form large compunds with strong bonds in various sequences and arrangements.
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