Question

8)
What is difference between acid and base?​

Answer 1

Answer:

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☘A substance, mostly liquid that donates a proton or accepts an electron pair in reactions. An acid increases the concentration of H+ ions. A base is a substance that releases hydroxide (OH-) ions in aqueous solution, donates electrons and accepts protons.Jun 8, 2019

Explanation:

☘Differences in Uses

☘Acids

• Used for household cleaning.

• Used for industrial purposes: Acids, i.e. Sulfuric acid and Nitric acid are both commonly used in paints, dyes, fertilizers, and explosives.

• Used as a metal dissolver: Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is used to make aqua regia, that assists in dissolving noble metals like platinum and gold (Jadhav & Hocheng, 2015).

• Acids (i.e. Sulfuric acid) are used to make batteries for flashlights and cars. Sulfuric acid is also used in mineral processing (Ntengwe, 2010).

• They are used to ward off rust and corrosion from metals, by means of a technique termed ‘pickling.’

• In the chemical industry, acids are used as neutralizers in the production of salts. For example, nitric acid (HNO3) reacts with ammonia NH3 for production of ammonium nitrate – a fertilizer.

☘Bases

• Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is used in manufacturing soap, synthetic fiber rayon and paper. It is also used in manufacturing some medicines and petroleum-refining, in cleaning sinks, ovens and drains (Malkin, 2003).

• Sodium bicarbonate (NAHCO3) is used in toothpaste, fire extinguisher, and baking soda.

• Calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) is used in the manufacture of bleaching powder. It is mixed with water and sand to create mortar that is used in the construction of buildings. Slaked lime is also made use by the farmers on the fields for neutralizing the dangerous effects of acid rain. Calcium hydroxide also neutralizes the acid in water supplies, and is used as a dressing material for burns caused by acid, as an antidote for cases of food poisoning, in the making of fungicides, in the whitewash mixture, and in dentistry (Smith et al, 2014) (Mohammadi & Dummer, 2011).

• Alkalis (Bases) are used in alkaline batteries like potassium hydroxide (Salkind, & Klein, 2000). They are also used in antiperspirant armpit deodorant, and in neutralizing soil acidity (Stenzaly‐Achtert et al, 2000) (Merry, 2009).

• Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) is used to clean grease stains from clothes (Malanova et al, 2014).

Answer 2

Answer:

acid

The sour taste of these items is due to the presence of a substance called acid.

base

substance which are bitter in taste and soapy to touch are called base.