9. Briefly describe the traditional methods of irrigation.
Answers
Traditional Methods of Irrigation
These are the methods of irrigation that were used in the earlier years. Even today some small farms in rural areas adopt these. Although they are cheaper than the modern methods, they are not nearly as efficient. They require human or animal labour to function. Some of these methods are,
1. Moat
Also called the pulley system, it involves pulling up water from a well or other such source to irrigate the land. It is an extremely time consuming and labour intensive system, but it is very cost efficient. Also, wastage of water is avoided when using a moat system of irrigation.
2. Chain pump
A chain pump consists of two large wheels connected by a chain. There are buckets attached to the chain. One part of the chain dips into the water source. As the wheel turns, the bucket picks up water. The chain later lifts them to the upper wheel where the water gets deposited into a source. And the empty bucket gets carried back down.
3. Dhekli
It is a system of drawing water from a well or such similar source. Here we tie a rope and bucket to a pole. At the other end, we tie a heavy stick or any other object as a counterbalance. And we use this pole to draw up water.
4. Rahat
So Rahat system of irrigation uses animal labour. Above the well, we tie a large wheel. An ox or cow would turn the wheel to draw the water from the well.
Learn more about Soil Preparation and Sowing of Seeds here.
Modern Methods of Irrigation
These are more efficient systems of irrigation that were invented in the recent decades. These help us use water economically without wastage. Let us take a look at the two most important methods.
1. Drip System of Irrigation
Drip Irrigation
The most commonly used method of irrigation these days is the drip method. They lay the pipes in rows near the crops or plants. These plastic pipes have holes in them. Water seeps from these holes drop by drop, hence the name drip irrigation. This is an extremely efficient method of irrigation as it reduces water wastage.
2. Sprinkler System
Sprinkler Irrigation
This system mimics the phenomenon of rain. Water is carried by pipes to central locations on the farm. Sprinklers placed here distribute the water across the fields. This is the most efficient method to irrigate the uneven land. Sprinkler system also provides the best coverage regardless of the size of the farm.
The water system fundamentally alludes to the utilization of the expected measure of water to plants at required stretches. It is vital for both cultivating and expanding the yield from the ranch.
Traditional irrigation methods
Aside from giving water, the water system likewise benefits by giving the dampness to the germination of seeds, making the dirt more fruitful and works with legitimate development and advancement. Really look at Basin Method
- Basin method
It is one of the most incredible techniques for a water system for evened-out fields. The field is partitioned into bowls as per the water limit. A little channel interfaces the bowl. The bowl size is according to the water inflow. The highest spot in the field is the primary wellspring of water.
This strategy requires no procedure. Likewise, it is fairly reasonable. It forestalls soil disintegration as the water stays in the bowl. An enormous region can be effectively flooded by this technique.
- Wrinkle Irrigation
The wrinkle water system is extremely unmistakable in crops established in lines. 'Dol' (importance: to grow) is shaped at the edges of the columns and the water streams between two 'Dols'.
Assuming the wrinkle is filled, there is a compelling reason need to give water once more. It is similarly modest however is work serious. Food crops established in enormous regions get a tremendous measure of water through this technique.
- Strip Irrigation
The fields are isolated into segments of various sizes. The strips are developed by the incline. The construction of the land decides the size of the strips. It is a simple water system strategy and requires less work.
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