9. Define and or explain the terms:
Osmosis,
diffusion,
plasmolysis,
imbibition, guttation, transpiration,
ascent of sap, active absorption, DPD,
turgor pressure, water potential, wall
pressure, root pressure.
Answers
Answer:
Osmosis is the movement of substances from higher concertation to lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane
Diffusion is the movement of particals from lower concentration to higher concentration
Plasmolysis is a contraction of protoplast of a plant cell as a result of loss of water from the cell
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Explanation:
1. osmosis : it is a special type of diffusion of solvent through a semipermeable membrane.
2.diffusion: it is the movement of ions/atoms/molecules of a substance from the region of higher concentration to the region of their lower concentration.
3. plasmolysis: exo-osmosis in a living cell when placed in hypertonic solution is called plasmolysis.
4. Imbibiton: it is swelling up of hydrophilic colloids due to absorption of water.
5. guttation: the loss of water in the form of liquid is called guttation.
6.transpiration: the loss of water from plant body in the form of vapour is called transpiration.
7. ascent of sap: the transport of water with dissolved minerals in it from root to other arial parts of plants against the gravity is called ascent of sap.
8.active absorption: water absorption by activity of root which is against the D. P. D gradient along with expenditure of A. T. E energy generated by respiration is the process of active absorption.
9. water potential :chemical potential of water is called water potential.
10. wall pressure: thick and rigid cell wall exerts a counter pressure to turgor pressure developed on the cell sap is called wall pressure that operates in opposite direction.
11. root pressure: as absorption of water by root hair being a continue process, a sort of hydrostatic pressure is developed in living cells of roots, this is called root pressure.
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